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Function
In exfoliating/reparative formulations
Sting potential of L-Carnitine
Exfoliation properties of L-Carnitine
Skin moisturization with L-Carnitine
Advantage
Applications
Specification
Exfoliation properties of L-Carnitine
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In
healthy skin, the outer most cells in the horny layer are constantly being
sloughed off and replaced by new cells generated in the basal layer of the
epidermis. The time needed by a new generation of cells to travel from the basal
to the upper horny layer represents the renewal time of the epidermis. When the
equilibrium of the skin is altered, dead cells tend to accumulate in the outer
layers, the turnover rate declines and the renewal time increases. As we age,
the time required for skin renewal also increases. In young and middleaged
adults the renewal time is approximately 20 days, whereas in adults over 50 the
rate of turnover slows and the renewal time may increase to as much as 30 days.
Typically, removal of the dead skin cells and increasing the rate of skin turnover
has the result of leaving the skin looking younger and healthier. The ability
of exfoliating hydroxyacids such as glycolic and lactic acids to accelerate the
turnover rate of skin cells and to leave the skin looking younger and healthier
is well known. Hydroxyacids have their maximum exfoliating effect at low pH,
and it is for this reason that exfoliating creams and lotions are typically found
to be at a pH between 3.5 and 4.5. However in contrast to the hydroxyacids
typically used for exfoliation (e.g. lactic, glycolic, and salicylic), L-
Carnitine actually exfoliates better at a pH closer to 7 than it does at lower
pH. This in all likelihood is due to the zwiterionic nature of the compound.
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